Elements
From a technical point of view, monitoring is a process composed of 5 basic components:
(1) signal generation;
(2) data acquisition;
(3) data transmission;
4) data processing;
(5) data display.
The source of signal generation is represented by the patient, and the anesthesiologist selects which signals will be received and analyzed. The monitoring allows us to follow the physiological parameters through fast, frequent and reproducible measurements, which leads to the timely recognition and evaluation of the changes that have occurred for the establishment of an early and adequate correction therapy.
The intraoperative monitoring strategy involves the selection of strictly individualized means of follow-up, depending on the particularities of the patient, the particularities of the operation and the particularities of the anesthetic technique.
All the physiological parameters only reflect the state of dynamic, complex and harmonious balance of the body called homeostasis which ensures its survival in the environment and thanks to the monitoring we notice the changes that occur at their level and we can institute correction therapy.
The highly diversified monitoring means existing today can be divided (arbitrarily) into essential means (standard) and special means (advanced). The anesthetist's vigilance together with the appropriate and precise use of monitoring systems ensures the safety of anesthesia and significantly reduces the occurrence of perioperative complications